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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

High-resolution multifocal pupillographic objective perimetry in glaucoma.

Corinne F Carle1, Andrew C James, Maria Kolic

  • 1ARC (Australian Research Council) Centre of Excellence in Vision Science, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|October 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that dichoptic multifocal pupillographic objective perimetry (mfPOP) is a promising, noninvasive tool for diagnosing glaucoma. The best mfPOP protocol achieved high accuracy, comparable to subjective perimetry methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Visual Neuroscience
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Glaucoma assessment traditionally relies on subjective perimetry.
  • Objective, noninvasive methods are needed for visual function assessment.
  • Pupillary responses to visual stimuli offer a potential objective measure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the sensitivity and specificity of four variants of dichoptic multifocal pupillographic objective perimetry (mfPOP).
  • To evaluate mfPOP's diagnostic performance using a high-resolution, 40-region visual field stimulus.
  • To compare mfPOP's accuracy with established subjective perimetry techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Nineteen normal subjects and 17 glaucoma patients were tested.
  • Four 4-minute mfPOP protocols with a 40-region stimulus were used.
  • Stimuli varied in duration (33-150 ms) and interval, with fixation monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Longer stimulus intervals and durations improved diagnostic performance.
  • The best protocol (150-ms flickered stimuli) achieved an ROC area of 0.86 ± 0.05.
  • Excellent performance (ROC area 1.00) was noted for moderate to severe glaucoma.

Conclusions:

  • mfPOP provides detailed information on visual field defects (delay, afferent/efferent).
  • The 40-region, 150-ms mfPOP protocol demonstrates diagnostic accuracy comparable to subjective perimeters.
  • Further investigation of mfPOP is warranted for glaucoma assessment.