Epidemiology and healthcare utilization of neurogenic bladder patients in a US claims database

To characterize the patient profile, medication utilization, and healthcare encounters of patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction related to incontinence.

Medical and pharmacy claims were retrospectively analyzed from April 1, 2002 to March 31, 2007 to characterize neurogenic bladder patients. There were 46,271 patients in the Neurogenic bladder cohort, and 9,315 and 4,168 patients in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) subcohorts, respectively. Demographic data, concomitant diseases, use of overactive bladder (OAB) oral drug, and healthcare encounters were summarized using descriptive statistics.

The mean age of neurogenic bladder patients was 62.5 (standard deviation 19.6) years. A high frequency of lower urinary tract infections (UTIs; 29%-36%), obstructive uropathies (6%-11%), and urinary retention (9%-14%), was observed. Overall, 33,100 (71.5%) patients were taking an OAB oral drug; 10,110 (30.5%) patients discontinued and did not restart. During the one-year follow-up period, 39.0% (8,034) of neurogenic bladder patients had a urology visit, 31.7% (14,679) had a neurology visit, 33.3% (15,415) were hospitalized, and 14.4% (6,646) were in a nursing home (highest rates observed in SCI subcohort). UTI diagnoses comprised over 20% of all hospitalizations one-year post-index. Annually, neurogenic bladder patients averaged 16 office and 0.5 emergency room visits.

This is the largest observational study conducted to address the epidemiology of the neurogenic bladder population, including healthcare utilization. These data suggest that patients with neurogenic bladder may have suboptimal management, indicated by high incidences of urinary tract complications and hospitalizations.