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Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

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Published on: April 16, 2014

Interactions between "light-from-above" and convexity priors in visual development.

Rhiannon Thomas¹, Marko Nardini, Denis Mareschal

¹Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK. rhiannonlthomas@googlemail.com

Journal of Vision

|October 2, 2010

Summary

Children

Area of Science:

Visual perception
Developmental psychology
Cognitive science

Background:

Adults use
light-from-above
and convexity priors for shape-from-shading perception.
These priors likely stem from real-world regularities: objects are often convex and illuminated from above.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the developmental trajectory of
light-from-above
and convexity priors in children.
Examine how these priors interact and are reweighted during childhood.

Main Methods:

Children (4–12 years) and adults judged the convexity of a shaded "polo mint" stimulus.
The stimulus design created a conflict between the

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light-from-above

and convexity priors.

Judgments were analyzed to reveal the influence of each prior.

Main Results:

Both priors are present early in development.
Younger children prioritized the convexity prior when priors conflicted.
Older children and adults prioritized the
light-from-above
prior.

Conclusions:

Visual priors for light direction and object shape undergo significant reweighting during childhood.
The dominance shifts from convexity to
light-from-above
with age.
This shift may relate to the development of using external frames of reference for light direction.