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Healing II: Complications

Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering
12:22

Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering

Published on: October 26, 2016

Complications after polyacrylamide hydrogel injection for soft-tissue augmentation.

Shimpei Ono1, Rei Ogawa, Hiko Hyakusoku

  • 1Tokyo, Japan From the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|October 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Polyacrylamide hydrogel injections for soft-tissue augmentation can lead to difficult-to-treat complications. This study highlights the risks associated with these permanent fillers, emphasizing the need for further safety research.

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An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart
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An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering
12:22

Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering

Published on: October 26, 2016

An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart
10:28

An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart

Published on: June 7, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Polyacrylamide hydrogel is an injectable permanent filler gaining attention for soft-tissue augmentation.
  • Existing studies on polyacrylamide hydrogel safety are limited and inconsistent.
  • Clinical experience suggests polyacrylamide hydrogel injections can cause complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively review complications arising from polyacrylamide hydrogel injections.
  • To analyze the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of patients experiencing adverse events.
  • To contribute to the understanding of polyacrylamide hydrogel safety in cosmetic procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 15 patients with complications from polyacrylamide hydrogel injections (2004-2007).
  • Data collection included patient history, injection details, clinical findings, imaging, surgical methods, and material analysis.
  • Analysis focused on complications requiring treatment at the authors' facility.

Main Results:

  • 15 cases (14 women, 1 man) presented with complications after polyacrylamide hydrogel injections (Aquamid, Amazingel).
  • Injected sites included cheeks, nose, eyelids, breasts, and penis.
  • Five patients required surgery for material removal or foreign body granuloma treatment.

Conclusions:

  • A rise in polyacrylamide hydrogel injection complications is observed in Asian countries.
  • This is the first reported series of such complications in Japan.
  • Complications are challenging to treat, necessitating further research into the procedure's risks.