Invariant optical-pattern recognition based on a contour bank

We propose a new optical pattern-recognition method that is invariant to shift, rotation, and scale changes. By means of a zero-order circular-harmonic filter the input object can be transformed into a correlation peak whose outline retains a shape similar to the outline of the input object. After multilevel thresholding and binarization, a bank composed of many contours with different sizes is formed. The invariant recognition can be obtained by a small contour line being taking as a reference and its second-order circular-harmonic component being taken as a filter. In addition to the scale invariance the correlation peak is superior to the classical circular-harmonic filter and the phase-only circular-harmonic filter in terms of peak intensity, half-maximum width, and peak-to-sidelobe ratio.