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Related Concept Videos

Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant01:26

Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant

When placed in an external electric field, a dielectric material gets polarized. The charge density in the dielectric material is given by the sum of the bound and free charge densities, while the total charge density can also be written in terms of the total electric field. The bound charge density can be measured in terms of polarization, leading to the relationship between electric displacement and polarization.
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics01:27

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics

When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's permittivity.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Application of a Coupling Agent to Improve the Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
06:34

Application of a Coupling Agent to Improve the Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites

Published on: September 19, 2020

Solution-based TiO2-polymer composite dielectric for low operating voltage OTFTs.

Joohee Kim1, Sung Hee Lim, Youn Sang Kim

  • 1Department of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 151-742, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates a cross-linking reaction for titanium dioxide-polymer composites (TPC). The dense TPC structure results from reactions between poly(melamine-co-formaldehyde) and poly(4-vinyl phenol) with the titanium dioxide precursor.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Titanium dioxide-polymer composites (TPC) are crucial dielectrics.
  • Developing dense and stable TPC structures is essential for advanced applications.
  • Understanding cross-linking mechanisms is key to material property control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate and elucidate the cross-linking reaction in a TiO(2)-polymer composite.
  • To investigate the role of specific cross-linkers in forming a dense TPC structure.
  • To identify the chemical interactions responsible for the composite's structural integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a TiO(2)-polymer composite using a TiO(2) precursor.
  • Utilizing poly(4-vinyl phenol) (PVP) as a polymer matrix and cross-linker precursor.
  • Employing poly(melamine-co-formaldehyde) (PMF) as a cross-linking agent.

Main Results:

  • Successful cross-linking reaction of the TPC dielectric was achieved.
  • A dense chemical structure of the TPC was observed.
  • The alkoxyl group of the PMF cross-linker reacted with hydroxyl groups of PVP and ligands of the TiO(2) precursor.

Conclusions:

  • The cross-linking mechanism involves the reaction between PMF and PVP, leading to a dense TPC.
  • The alkoxyl group of PMF plays a critical role in forming the composite's structure.
  • This reaction pathway offers a method for creating robust TiO(2)-polymer composite materials.