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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration

Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II  is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction. It is...
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Creating Adhesive and Soluble Gradients for Imaging Cell Migration with Fluorescence Microscopy
13:10

Creating Adhesive and Soluble Gradients for Imaging Cell Migration with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: April 4, 2013

Micropatterned dynamically adhesive substrates for cell migration.

Srivatsan Raghavan1, Ravi A Desai, Youngeun Kwon

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|October 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to study cell migration using switchable adhesive surfaces. This revealed that leading cells guide followers, highlighting intercellular communication in collective cell movement.

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Creating Adhesive and Soluble Gradients for Imaging Cell Migration with Fluorescence Microscopy
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Light-Induced Molecular Adsorption of Proteins Using the PRIMO System for Micro-Patterning to Study Cell Responses to Extracellular Matrix Proteins
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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Cell migration is crucial for development and disease.
  • Understanding collective cell migration requires advanced experimental platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel dynamically adhesive substrate for studying cell migration.
  • To investigate the role of intercellular communication in guiding collective epithelial cell migration.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of substrates with three distinct regions: nonadhesive, adhesive, and electrochemically switchable.
  • Utilizing microcontact printing of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold surfaces.
  • Employing time-lapse imaging to observe epithelial cell migration on branching tracks.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated electrochemical switching of surface adhesion properties.
  • Observed that leader cells consistently influenced follower cell direction on branching tracks.
  • Provided evidence for intercellular communication guiding cohesive epithelial sheet movement.

Conclusions:

  • The developed platform enables precise control over cell adhesion and migration.
  • Intercellular communication is a key factor in directing collective cell migration.
  • This research advances the understanding of cellular decision-making during migration.