Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Major Losses in Pipes01:28

Major Losses in Pipes

1.9K
When a fluid flows through a pipe, it experiences energy losses due to frictional resistance along the pipe walls, known as major losses. These energy losses result in a pressure drop, which varies based on the flow conditions — whether laminar or turbulent — and the specific physical properties of the fluid and pipe.
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to viscous...
1.9K
General Characteristics of Pipe Flow II01:24

General Characteristics of Pipe Flow II

1.6K
When fluid enters a pipe, it first passes through the entrance region, where the velocity profile adjusts due to viscous effects. In this region, a boundary layer forms along the pipe walls and grows until it fully occupies the pipe's cross-section. Once the boundary layer merges, the flow becomes fully developed, with a steady velocity profile that remains consistent along the pipe's length.
The distance to reach a fully developed flow is called the entrance length and depends on the...
1.6K
Laminar Flow: Problem Solving01:24

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

489
Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower...
489
Stresses under Combined Loadings01:23

Stresses under Combined Loadings

427
When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
427
Turbulent Flow01:24

Turbulent Flow

648
Turbulent flow is characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity and pressure, which result in a chaotic fluid movement distinct from the orderly patterns of laminar flow. While laminar flow is governed by smooth, parallel layers with minimal mixing, turbulent flow exhibits highly irregular, three-dimensional patterns. This behavior arises due to instabilities in the fluid's velocity profile, and amplifies as the flow velocity increases. Minor disturbances, known as turbulent...
648
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

999
Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
999

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Inertia-Driven Mitral and Aortic Valves: The Isovolumic Myth.

Medical research archives·2025
Same author

A numerical framework for preprocedural prosthetic valve positioning and hemodynamic evaluation.

Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology·2025
Same author

4D flow MRI enhances prototype testing of a total artificial heart.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Virtual left atrial appendage occlusion in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during sinus rhythm predicts variable reductions in blood stasis.

The Journal of physiology·2025
Same author

Observer- and sequence variability in personalized 4D flow MRI-based cardiovascular models.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

To what extent does surrounding landscape explain stand-level occurrence of conservation-relevant species in fragmented boreal and hemi-boreal forest?-a systematic review protocol.

Environmental evidence·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
13:07

Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression

Published on: January 15, 2022

4.3K

Quantifying turbulent wall shear stress in a stenosed pipe using large eddy simulation.

Roland Gårdhagen1, Jonas Lantz, Fredrik Carlsson

  • 1Department of Management and Engineering and Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden. roland.gardhagen@liu.se

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
|October 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Investigating turbulent flow in stenosed arteries using large eddy simulation reveals complex wall shear stress (WSS) patterns. Scale-resolving techniques are crucial for understanding WSS fluctuations and their impact on endothelial cells.

More Related Videos

Visualization of Flow Field Around a Vibrating Pipeline Within an Equilibrium Scour Hole
09:37

Visualization of Flow Field Around a Vibrating Pipeline Within an Equilibrium Scour Hole

Published on: August 26, 2019

6.1K
Experimental Investigation of Secondary Flow Structures Downstream of a Model Type IV Stent Failure in a 180° Curved Artery Test Section
11:00

Experimental Investigation of Secondary Flow Structures Downstream of a Model Type IV Stent Failure in a 180° Curved Artery Test Section

Published on: July 19, 2016

11.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
13:07

Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression

Published on: January 15, 2022

4.3K
Visualization of Flow Field Around a Vibrating Pipeline Within an Equilibrium Scour Hole
09:37

Visualization of Flow Field Around a Vibrating Pipeline Within an Equilibrium Scour Hole

Published on: August 26, 2019

6.1K
Experimental Investigation of Secondary Flow Structures Downstream of a Model Type IV Stent Failure in a 180° Curved Artery Test Section
11:00

Experimental Investigation of Secondary Flow Structures Downstream of a Model Type IV Stent Failure in a 180° Curved Artery Test Section

Published on: July 19, 2016

11.9K

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Stenosed arteries pose significant cardiovascular risks.
  • Accurate characterization of wall shear stress (WSS) is vital for understanding blood flow dynamics.
  • Turbulent flow in stenosed vessels exhibits complex patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate wall shear stress (WSS) patterns in turbulent flow within a stenosed pipe at Reynolds number 2000.
  • To decompose WSS into time-averaged and fluctuating components.
  • To assess the necessity of scale-resolving techniques for subject-specific vessel modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Application of large eddy simulation (LES) for turbulent flow analysis.
  • Numerical simulation of flow in a stenosed pipe model.
  • Decomposition of wall shear stress (WSS) into temporal and spatial components.

Main Results:

  • Identified three distinct post-stenotic regions with varying WSS characteristics.
  • The recirculation zone showed retrograde time-averaged WSS with significant fluctuations.
  • Reattachment zones exhibited antegrade shear with reduced fluctuations compared to recirculation zones.
  • Peak fluctuations occurred at reattachment points, with no dominant direction over time.

Conclusions:

  • Scale-resolving techniques are essential for fully characterizing WSS in patient-specific vessel models.
  • Axial WSS fluctuations may induce stretching in endothelial cells.
  • Circumferential WSS fluctuations could lead to a relaxed state in endothelial cells.