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Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
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A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
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Hepatitis E in Italy: a long-term prospective study.

Luisa Romanò1, Sara Paladini, Catia Tagliacarne

  • 1Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica-Microbiologia-Virologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.

Journal of Hepatology
|October 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis E in Italy is primarily travel-related, caused by genotype 1. However, autochthonous cases, linked to pigs and boars, are caused by genotype 3, suggesting zoonotic origins for hepatitis E in non-endemic regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis E is increasingly recognized in non-endemic countries, with sporadic cases lacking travel history.
  • Understanding the molecular epidemiology of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Italy is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of Hepatitis E in Italy.
  • To investigate the molecular epidemiology of HEV in Italian patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 651 patients with acute non-A-C hepatitis from 1994-2009.
  • Diagnosis using IgM anti-HEV and HEV RNA detection via RT-PCR.
  • Sequencing and phylogenetic characterization of viral isolates.

Main Results:

  • Hepatitis E was diagnosed in 20.6% of patients (134/651).
  • Travel-related cases (81.3%) were genotype 1; autochthonous cases (16.4%) were genotype 3.
  • Genotype 3 was prevalent in pigs and boars, indicating potential zoonotic transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Most Italian Hepatitis E cases are travel-associated (genotype 1).
  • Autochthonous Hepatitis E in Italy is linked to genotype 3, likely from zoonotic sources.
  • HEV infection in non-endemic countries may originate from animal reservoirs.