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Updated: Jun 8, 2026
08:46
Force System with Vertical V-Bends: A 3D In Vitro Assessment of Elastic and Rigid Rectangular Archwires
Published on: July 24, 2018
Friction between various self-ligating brackets and archwire couples during sliding mechanics
Sennay Stefanos1, Antonino G Secchi2, Guy Coby3
1Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
Summary
Passive self-ligating brackets demonstrate lower frictional resistance compared to active self-ligating brackets when used with stainless steel archwires in orthodontic sliding mechanics.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Mechanics
Background:
- Self-ligating brackets are increasingly used in orthodontics.
- Understanding frictional resistance is crucial for efficient orthodontic treatment.
- Sliding mechanics are a key component of many orthodontic treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the frictional resistance between active and passive self-ligating brackets.
- To evaluate the performance of different self-ligating bracket systems during sliding mechanics.
- To assess the interaction between specific bracket types and stainless steel archwires.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an orthodontic sliding simulation device attached to a universal testing machine.
- Tested six types of self-ligating brackets (three active, three passive) with 0.019 × 0.025-in stainless steel archwires.
- Measured static and kinetic frictional forces at 0° angulation, with 30 repetitions per combination and statistical analysis using ANOVA.
Main Results:
- Damon 3mx (passive) exhibited the lowest mean static frictional force (8.6 g), while SPEED (active) showed the highest (83.1 g).
- The ranking of kinetic frictional forces mirrored that of static forces, with significant differences observed between most bracket-archwire combinations.
- SmartClip and In-Ovation C showed no significant difference in kinetic frictional forces.
Conclusions:
- Passive self-ligating brackets offer reduced static and kinetic frictional resistance compared to active self-ligating brackets.
- This finding suggests potential advantages for passive systems in minimizing friction during orthodontic tooth movement.
- The choice of bracket system can significantly influence the efficiency of sliding mechanics in orthodontics.
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