Reference values for paediatric pulmonary function testing: The Utrecht dataset

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Pulmonology
• Respiratory Physiology
• Biostatistics

Background:

• Reference data for pulmonary function tests require regular updates due to evolving measurement techniques and population changes.
• Existing reference values for total lung capacity and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity in children are limited.
• There is a need for updated, reliable reference equations for pediatric pulmonary function indices.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish updated reference equations for commonly used pulmonary function indices in Caucasian children.
• To address the scarcity of reference data for total lung capacity and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity in pediatric populations.
• To provide accurate normative data for assessing lung function in children.

Main Methods:

• Data collected from Caucasian children aged 2-18 years in the 'Utrecht Pulmonary Function Reference Data Study'.
• Utilized the 'Generalized Additive Models for Location Scale and Shape' (GAMLSS) statistical method for data analysis.
• Measurements included interrupter resistance, spirometry, body plethysmography, and carbon monoxide diffusion/helium dilution.

Main Results:

• Height and age were significant determinants for most pulmonary function outcomes.
• Sex was a significant determinant for several measures, with exceptions noted for specific values like RV and FRC(pleth).
• Previous reference equations led to misinterpretation of pulmonary function when applied to the study population.

Conclusions:

• The developed pediatric reference equations offer accurate estimates of normal pulmonary function ranges.
• These new equations are expected to reduce both underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis of pulmonary diseases in children.
• Provides a more reliable tool for clinical assessment of respiratory health in pediatric populations.