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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
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Continuously apodized fiber-to-chip surface grating coupler with refractive index engineered subwavelength structure.

R Halir1, P Cheben, J H Schmid

  • 1Departamento Ingeniería de Comunicaciones, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain. robert.halir@ic.uma.es

Optics Letters
|October 5, 2010
PubMed
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We developed a novel fiber-to-chip grating coupler using a single etch process. This device maximizes light coupling efficiency and minimizes reflections for integrated photonics applications.

Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Efficient fiber-to-chip coupling is crucial for integrated photonic circuits.
  • Existing couplers often require complex fabrication or suffer from performance limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel, fully etched, continuously apodized fiber-to-chip surface grating coupler.
  • To achieve high coupling efficiency and broad bandwidth using a simplified fabrication process.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a continuously apodized grating coupler in a single etch step.
  • Utilizing a subwavelength microstructure to engineer an effective medium.
  • Optimization for TM-polarized light operation.

Main Results:

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  • Achieved a coupling efficiency of 3.7 dB.
  • Obtained a 3 dB bandwidth of 60 nm.
  • Successfully mitigated backreflections through grating strength modulation.

    • Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated grating coupler offers a promising solution for efficient fiber-to-chip light coupling.
    • The single-etch fabrication process simplifies manufacturing for photonic integrated circuits.
    • The design's compatibility with deep-UV 193 nm lithography enables high-resolution patterning.