Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and the...

X-ray Imaging

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...

Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan

Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan

Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Detection of degenerative and inflammatory osseous changes on an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hands and wrists: T2-weighted Dixon imaging can replace pre-contrast T1-weighted images.

Clinical radiology·2026

Same author

Magnetic resonance imaging of regional gray matter volume in persons who died by suicide.

Molecular psychiatry·2024

Same author

[Scientific assessment and regulatory approval of radiological screening examinations in Germany].

Der Radiologe·2020

Same author

Diagnostic reference levels for diagnostic and interventional X-ray procedures in Germany: update and handling - Answer to the comments of members of the chest radiology workshop of the German Roentgen Society.

RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin·2019

Same author

EURADOS work on internal dosimetry.

Annals of the ICRP·2018

Same author

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3.

Annals of the ICRP·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage (40-300 kV) X-Ray Facilities

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage (40-300 kV) X-Ray Facilities

Published on: February 20, 2021

[Diagnostic reference levels for X-ray examinations: update 2010].

R Veit¹, R Guggenberger, D Nosske

¹Abteilung für Medizinischen und Beruflichen Strahlenschutz, Fachbereich Strahlenschutz und Gesundheit, Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz , Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Deutschland. rveit@bfs.de

|October 5, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New German diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for X-ray procedures were updated in 2010, featuring lower dose levels and new pediatric CT guidelines. These updated DRLs aim to reduce patient radiation exposure.

More Related Videos

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage (40-300 kV) X-Ray Facilities

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage (40-300 kV) X-Ray Facilities

Published on: February 20, 2021

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiology
Radiation Protection

Context:

The 2003 diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for X-ray procedures in Germany required updating.
Patient radiation doses from diagnostic and interventional X-ray procedures needed reassessment.
The German Federal Office for Radiation Protection is responsible for setting radiation safety standards.

Purpose:

To update the established diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for X-ray procedures.
To incorporate new DRLs for pediatric computed tomography (CT) examinations.
To reflect current patient dose data from surveyed X-ray facilities.

Summary:

The German Federal Office for Radiation Protection updated DRLs in July 2010, based on mean patient doses.
New DRLs are significantly lower than the 2003 levels for most procedures.
DRLs for pediatric CT examinations have been newly introduced.

Impact:

Reduced patient radiation exposure from diagnostic and interventional X-ray procedures.
Establishment of updated benchmarks for radiation dose optimization in medical imaging.
Improved radiation safety standards in German healthcare facilities.