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Acute transverse myelopathy in multiple sclerosis.

T Fukazawa1, T Hamada, K Tashiro

  • 1Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who experienced acute transverse myelopathy (ATM) showed distinct clinical features. These included later onset and more severe optic nerve involvement compared to MS patients without ATM.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
  • Acute transverse myelopathy (ATM) is a neurological condition affecting the spinal cord.
  • Understanding clinical variations in MS is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the clinical features of multiple sclerosis patients with and without a history of acute transverse myelopathy.
  • To identify distinct clinical subgroups within the MS population based on the occurrence of ATM.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective analysis of clinical features in 62 consecutive patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis.
  • Classification of patients into two groups: Group A (16 patients with ATM) and Group B (46 patients without ATM).

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  • Comparison of onset age, symptom prevalence (brain stem, cerebellar, cerebral, optic nerve), and brain MRI findings between the two groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Group A (with ATM) exhibited a later age of onset compared to Group B.
    • Group A showed less frequent brain stem, cerebellar, and cerebral symptoms but more frequent and severe optic nerve involvement.
    • Fewer patients in Group A had abnormal findings on brain MRI compared to Group B.

    Conclusions:

    • Patients with multiple sclerosis who experience acute transverse myelopathy represent a distinct clinical subgroup.
    • The clinical presentation of MS with ATM differs significantly, particularly in onset, neurological involvement, and MRI findings.
    • These findings aid in differentiating MS subtypes and understanding disease heterogeneity.