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Lactation in insulin-dependent diabetes.

S H Neubauer1

  • 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs.

Progress in Food & Nutrition Science
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Breastfeeding is possible for women with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). However, IDDM may affect milk composition and delay lactation, requiring careful management of maternal health and feeding factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Lactation Biology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in women presents unique challenges for breastfeeding.
  • While the ability to breastfeed is documented, specific milk composition and influencing factors remain less understood.
  • Hormonal regulation (placental lactogen, prolactin) is crucial for mammary gland readiness and is affected by metabolic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate breast milk composition in women with IDDM.
  • To identify factors influencing successful breastfeeding in this population.
  • To understand the impact of IDDM on lactation physiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on breastfeeding in IDDM women.
  • Analysis of hormonal profiles (placental lactogen, prolactin) during pregnancy.
  • Examination of breast milk composition markers (glucose, sodium, lactose, citrate).
  • Consideration of clinical factors affecting lactation (delivery method, metabolic control, etc.).

Main Results:

  • Mature breast milk in IDDM women shows increased glucose and sodium levels.
  • Mammary gland lipid metabolism may be impaired.
  • Markers of lactogenesis II (lactose, citrate) suggest a delay in lactation onset.
  • Animal studies indicate insulin can reverse decreased milk components.

Conclusions:

  • Lactation in IDDM women is influenced by hormonal changes and metabolic fluctuations (hyper/hypoglycemia).
  • Specific milk composition alterations and potential delays in lactogenesis II are observed.
  • Successful lactation management requires addressing multiple factors including metabolic control, delivery method, and maternal diet.

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