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Risk factors for deep sternal wound infections after cardiac surgery in Jordan
Ibtisam M Al-Zaru1, Ali A Ammouri, Mousa A Al-Hassan
1Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Insights
Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) affects 22% of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Key risk factors include diabetes, obesity, longer surgery duration, and intra-aortic balloon pump use, aiding in prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiac surgery outcomes
- Infectious disease epidemiology
- Surgical risk factor analysis
Background:
- Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) is a severe complication following cardiac surgery.
- DSWI leads to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and significant patient morbidity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence rate of DSWI in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
- To identify significant risk factors associated with the development of DSWI post-CABG.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis was conducted on a database of 206 adult patients who underwent CABG.
- Logistic regression models were employed to assess DSWI incidence and associated risk factors.
Main Results:
- The overall incidence of DSWI was 22% in the study cohort.
- Identified risk factors for DSWI included diabetes (OR=0.317), obesity (OR=0.275), prolonged surgery duration (OR=4.22), and intra-aortic balloon pump use (OR=0.033).
Conclusions:
- The study identified key predictors for DSWI in CABG patients, contributing to a preliminary risk assessment model.
- Understanding these risk factors is crucial for developing targeted preventive measures against DSWI in cardiac surgery patients.
Aim:
The purpose of this study was to assess rates of and risk factors for deep sternal wound infection after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.
Background:
Deep sternal wound infection is one of the most devastating complications of cardiac surgery, resulting in multiple operative and non-operative procedures and increased hospital costs.
Design:
A retrospective design using an existing coronary artery surgery database of adults (n=206) who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgeries between January 2004-January 2006 at a university affiliated hospital, northern Jordan was used.
Method:
Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to asses rates of and risk factors for deep sternal wound infection.
Results:
Deep sternal wound infection incidence rate was 22% of the total sample. Risk factors of deep sternal wound infection include: (1) diabetes (OR=0·317, p=0·048), (2) Obesity (OR=0·275, p=0·011), (3) duration of surgery (OR=4·22, p=0·032) and (4) use of intraaortic balloon pump (OR=0·033, p=0·001).
Conclusion:
The proposed model provides a preliminary indication of risk factors placing coronary artery bypass grafting patients at risk of DSWI. Further investigations and testing of the model are needed.
Relevance To Clinical Practice:
Determining patients who are at risk of developing deep sternal wound infection after cardiac surgeries is the first step towards its prevention.
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