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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

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Published on: February 24, 2023
Importance of interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in short-term glucose sensor function in vivo
Ulrike Klueh1, Zenghe Liu, Ben Feldman
1Center for Molecular Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA. klueh@nso.uchc.edu
Background:
The importance of the interleukin (IL)-1 cytokine family in inflammation and immunity is well established as a result of extensive in vitro and in vivo studies. In fact, much of our understanding of the in vivo importance of interleukin-1beta (IL-1B) is the result of research utilizing transgenic mice, such as overexpression or deficiencies of the naturally occurring inhibitor of IL-1 known as interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA). For the present studies, we utilized these transgenic mice to determine the role of IL-1B in glucose sensor function in vivo.
Methods:
To investigate the role of IL-1B in glucose sensor function in vivo, we compared glucose sensor function in trans-genic mice that (1) overexpressed IL-1RA [B6.Cg-Tg(II1rn)1Dih/J] and (2) are deficient in IL-1RA (B6.129S-Il1rn(tm1Dih)/J), with mice that have normal levels of IL-1RA (C57BL/6).
Results:
Our studies demonstrated that, during the first 7 days post-sensor implantation (PSI), mice deficient in IL-1RA had extensive inflammation and decreased sensor function when compared to normal or IL-1RA-overexpressing mice.
Conclusion:
These data directly support our hypothesis that the IL-1 family of cytokines and antagonists play a critical role in controlling tissue reactions and thereby sensor function in vivo during the first 7 days PSI.
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