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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.

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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
10:02

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Event-related potentials study in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Yumnam Anjana1, Farah Khaliq, Neelam Vaney

  • 1Department of Physiology, University College of Medical Sciences and G.T.B. Hospital, Delhi, India. anjana_y@rediffmail.com

Functional Neurology
|October 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is linked to slower cognitive processing and reaction times in children. This study found significant differences in auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) in children with ADHD compared to controls.

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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

Published on: January 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Child Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Children with ADHD often exhibit difficulties with sustained attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, leading to functional impairments.
  • Cognitive processing deficits are increasingly recognized as a core feature of ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive status in children with ADHD using auditory event-related potentials (ERPs).
  • To compare ERPs and reaction times between children diagnosed with ADHD and typically developing controls.
  • To identify specific electrophysiological markers associated with cognitive dysfunction in ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 20 children diagnosed with ADHD and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  • Recorded auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) using a computerized evoked potential recorder and the international 10-20 system for electrode placement.
  • Measured reaction times to assess motor response speed.

Main Results:

  • ADHD children exhibited significantly prolonged N200 latency and decreased N200 amplitude compared to controls.
  • Other ERP components (N100, P200, P300) showed prolonged latencies in ADHD subjects, though not always statistically significant.
  • Reaction times were significantly longer in children with ADHD, indicating a slower motor response.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest underlying dysfunctions in processing task-relevant auditory stimuli in children with ADHD.
  • Electrophysiological differences, particularly in the N200 component, may serve as biomarkers for cognitive deficits in ADHD.
  • Slower reaction times in ADHD children highlight impaired motor response execution, contributing to functional impairments.