A model of event-generated dependence in older adults

Aims and objectives.  The proposed model of event-generated dependence characterizes dependence in older adults as an emergent phenomenon that may arise from interaction between the older adult with compromised health and the social environment, resulting in altered reciprocity. Background.  Pejorative characterizations of dependence in older adults influence nursing care negatively. Concept analyses recommend the recognition that dependence is interactive in nature, not an inherent trait of the individual, and that dependence involves changes in interpersonal reciprocity. Conclusions.  The model provides a testable causal path between dependence and psychological outcomes. Relevance to clinical practice.  The event generated dependence model can sensitize nurses to an alternative view of dependence. It is important for nurses to recognize their role in determining the social environment of care, attend to the promotion of reciprocity with older adults as care is provided, and incorporate changes in their attitudes toward inequitable reciprocity.