Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Hydrodynamic Renal Pelvis Injection for Non-viral Expression of Proteins in the Kidney
Published on: January 8, 2018
Polydimethylsiloxane (macroplastique®) injection for vesicoureteral reflux in duplex ureters: a comparison with
Fabio Bartoli1, Francesco Niglio, Valentina Pastore
1Cattedra Chirurgia Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71100 Foggia, Italy. bartolifabio@libero.it
Objective:
VUR in patients with a duplex system (DS) is often treated by open surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of subureteric polydimethylsiloxane (Macroplastique(®)) injection (SMING) in the management of VUR in duplex and single (SS) renal systems.
Patients And Methods:
Fifteen children (24 refluxing renal units) with VUR in DS underwent SMING. VUR was more frequent in the lower moiety. VUR was graded moderate/severe in 88% of renal units. There was a history of urinary tract infections in 40% of cases. The outcome for DS patients was compared with 44 children (60 refluxing renal units) with moderate/severe VUR in SS.
Results:
The VUR resolution/improvement rate was 88% in DS and 95% in SS patients. Ureteric reimplantation was required because of recurrent VUR in 13% and 7% of DS and SS groups, respectively. Transient ureteral obstruction was observed in 1/15 and 5/44 patients. Two required double-J ureteric stenting for 3 months.
Conclusion:
SMING seems an effective treatment for VUR in both DS and SS patients, even in severe cases. The complication rate does not significantly differ between the two groups.
Related Concept Videos
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography
Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods
Renal clearance is often associated with the renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which represents the rate at which plasma is filtered through the glomeruli in the kidney. When drug reabsorption is minimal and there is no active secretion, renal clearance is closely related to the...
Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems
Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

