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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
Transposons01:24

Transposons

Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
Transgenic Organisms00:53

Transgenic Organisms

Overview
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Breeding by Design for Functional Rice with Genome Editing Technologies
09:43

Breeding by Design for Functional Rice with Genome Editing Technologies

Published on: January 3, 2025

Transposon insertional mutagenesis in rice.

Narayana M Upadhyaya1, Qian-Hao Zhu, Ramesh S Bhat

  • 1CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an improved two-component transposon (iAc/Ds) mutagenesis protocol for rice. This method enhances gene trapping and screening efficiencies, aiding in gene function discovery.

Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Molecular biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Insertion mutants are crucial for understanding gene function through genetic approaches.
  • Both T-DNA and transposon mutagenesis are used in crops like rice, a fully sequenced cereal.
  • Transposons offer advantages over T-DNA, including generating multiple insertion lines and revertants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To improve gene trapping and screening efficiencies in rice using a novel transposon system.
  • To develop a more effective mutagenesis protocol for rice functional genomics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-component transposon iAc/Ds mutagenesis protocol.
  • Developed new gene constructs for enhanced mutagenesis.
  • Applied forward and reverse genetics approaches in rice.

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Identifying Mutations by High Resolution Melting in a TILLING Population of Rice
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Main Results:

  • Achieved improved gene trapping efficiencies in rice.
  • Demonstrated enhanced screening efficiencies for insertion mutants.
  • Successfully generated multiple independent insertion lines and revertants.

Conclusions:

  • The developed iAc/Ds transposon system offers a more efficient method for generating and screening insertion mutants in rice.
  • This improved protocol facilitates faster gene function discovery in rice, advancing plant genetics research.