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Lineage Commitment

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the process whereby stem cells:

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Determination

Determination

During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: November 1, 2017

Intestinal lineage commitment of embryonic stem cells.

Li Cao¹, Jason D Gibson, Shingo Miyamoto

¹University of Connecticut, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 91 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3125 Storrs, CT 06269-3125, USA.

Differentiation; Research in Biological Diversity

|October 12, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Generating intestinal stem cells from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is possible using a two-step protocol. This method creates functional gut tissues for potential regenerative medicine applications.

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Isolation of Murine Embryonic Hemogenic Endothelial Cells

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Published on: June 17, 2016

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Stem Cell Biology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Generating lineage-committed intestinal stem cells from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is crucial for studying intestinal development and tissue regeneration.
Existing methods require further optimization for efficient differentiation and functional engraftment.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and test a two-step differentiation protocol to generate intestinal stem cells from ESCs.
To assess the potential of these differentiated cells for intestinal tissue regeneration.

Main Methods:

ESCs were differentiated into definitive endoderm using activin A.
Definitive endoderm was further cultured with fibroblast-conditioned medium ± Wnt3A to induce intestinal differentiation.
Gene expression analysis (Sox17, Foxa2, Gata4, Id2, Lgr5, Msi1, Ephb2, Dcamkl1, Cdx2, Fabp2, Muc2) was performed.
In vivo engraftment into mouse colonic mucosa was assessed.

Main Results:

The two-step protocol successfully generated definitive endoderm with gut-tube development markers.
Wnt3A treatment activated key intestinal stem cell markers (Lgr5, Id2, Msi1, Ephb2, Dcamkl1) and differentiation markers (Cdx2, Fabp2, Muc2).
Differentiated cells formed crypt-like structures with Lgr5-expressing cells, smooth muscle components, and exhibited peristaltic movement.
In vivo engraftment confirmed the differentiation potential into intestinal epithelium.

Conclusions:

A two-step protocol effectively generates lineage-committed intestinal stem cells from ESCs.
These differentiated cells possess functional characteristics and can integrate into existing intestinal tissue.
This approach holds promise for regenerative medicine strategies to repair damaged intestinal tissue.