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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

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Development of a scanning, solar-blind, water Raman lidar.

W E Eichinger, D I Cooper, F L Archuletta

    Applied Optics
    |October 12, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new scanning water Raman lidar measures water-vapor fluxes over large areas, aiding evapotranspiration studies and water management. This instrument offers novel insights into microscale atmospheric processes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric Science
    • Hydrology
    • Environmental Monitoring

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of water-vapor fluxes is crucial for understanding evapotranspiration and effective water management.
    • Existing methods often lack the spatial coverage or speed required for studying large, mixed canopies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and present a novel instrument for measuring water-vapor fluxes over extensive areas.
    • To enhance the study of evapotranspiration processes and provide practical tools for water resource management.

    Main Methods:

    • Design and construction of a scanning water Raman lidar system.
    • Development of analytical methods for processing lidar-generated data on water content and evaporative flux.
    • Analysis of variogram data to determine optimal spatial sampling resolution.

    Main Results:

    • The developed lidar system can measure absolute water content and calculate evaporative flux rapidly over large areas.
    • Variogram analysis suggests a spatial sampling size of approximately 10 m is necessary for accurate representation of fluxes and scalars.
    • The instrument provides new capabilities for investigating microscale atmospheric processes.

    Conclusions:

    • The scanning water Raman lidar is a valuable tool for advancing the study of evapotranspiration and improving water management strategies.
    • The instrument's ability to measure water-vapor fluxes over large areas opens new avenues for atmospheric research.
    • Optimized spatial sampling is critical for reliable flux and scalar measurements.