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Related Concept Videos

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy (DIHM) of Weakly-scattering Subjects
10:16

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Published on: February 8, 2014

Focused-image holography as a dense-spray diagnostic.

P J Santangelo, P E Sojka

    Applied Optics
    |October 12, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new focused-image holographic system enables detailed spray analysis in dense regions, capturing phenomena like bubble explosions and ligament formation previously unobservable with existing tools.

    Area of Science:

    • Fluid dynamics
    • Optical metrology
    • Spray analysis

    Background:

    • Understanding liquid breakup and droplet dynamics in dense sprays is crucial.
    • Current instruments like Malvern and Phase/Doppler Particle Analyzer have limitations in dense or complex spray regions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a focused-image holographic system for advanced spray analysis.
    • To demonstrate its capability in probing complex spray phenomena.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a focused-image holographic system with an imaging lens and side lighting.
    • Analyzing spray regions with bubble explosions and ligament formation.

    Main Results:

    • The focused-image holographic system allows interrogation of dense spray regions.

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  • It can capture complex phenomena such as bubble explosions and ligament formation.
  • The system's longitudinal magnification variation with object length is analyzed.

    • Conclusions:

    • Focused-image holography offers a viable method for detailed spray analysis in previously inaccessible regions.
    • This technique enhances understanding of fundamental liquid breakup and droplet dynamics.