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Related Concept Videos

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

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Published on: August 12, 2013

Multilevel phase gratings for array illuminators.

V Arrizón, J Ojeda-Castañeda

    Applied Optics
    |October 12, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers created multilevel phase structures for Lohmann

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Diffractive Optics

    Background:

    • Lohmann's array illuminators are crucial for beam shaping.
    • Conventional methods for creating phase structures can be complex.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce novel multilevel phase structures for generating Lohmann's array illuminators.
    • To demonstrate the experimental synthesis of these structures.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing multilevel phase structures.
    • Employing simple binary curves within a conventional optical processor for synthesis.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully generated Lohmann's array illuminators using the proposed phase structures.
    • Experimental verification confirmed the synthesis of these multilevel phase structures.

    Conclusions:

    • The described multilevel phase structures offer an effective method for Lohmann's array illuminator generation.
    • Synthesis using binary curves in optical processors is feasible and experimentally validated.