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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...

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Infectious causes of appendicitis.

Laura W Lamps1

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. lampslauraw@uams.edu

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|October 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores infectious appendicitis, covering bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic causes. It details pathologic features and diagnostic methods for these diverse appendix infections.

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Published on: October 22, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Inflamed appendix pathology involves diverse infectious entities.
  • Appendix involvement can be primary or secondary to gastrointestinal spread.
  • Diagnosis may require extensive evaluation due to nonspecific findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathologic features of infectious agents affecting the appendix.
  • To discuss diagnostic techniques and clinical significance of appendiceal infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of infectious diseases impacting the appendix.
  • Analysis of pathologic and histologic findings.
  • Discussion of clinical context and diagnostic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Identified bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections of the appendix.
  • Detailed specific pathogens like adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, Yersinia, Actinomyces, Mycobacterium, Histoplasma, Enterobius vermicularis, Schistosomiasis, and Strongyloides stercoralis.
  • Highlighted diagnostic challenges and ancillary techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Infectious appendicitis presents a broad spectrum of pathologic findings.
  • Understanding diverse pathogens is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
  • Ancillary diagnostic methods aid in identifying specific infectious causes.