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Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish
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Predator-prey interactions between Synbranchus marmoratus (Teleostei: Synbranchidae) and Hypsiboas pulchellus

Celina M Junges1, Rafael C Lajmanovich, Paola M Peltzer

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Summary

Environmental contaminants like fenitrothion disrupt aquatic predator-prey dynamics. This study shows fenitrothion exposure benefits tadpoles by reducing eel predation, despite behavioral changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecotoxicology
  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Behavioral Ecology

Background:

  • Environmental contaminants can disrupt aquatic community structures by altering predator-prey interactions.
  • The marbled swamp eel (Synbranchus marmoratus) and anuran tadpoles (Hypsiboas pulchellus) serve as a model system to study these effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the eel's lateral line in prey detection and the impact of darkness on predation rates.
  • To evaluate the sub-lethal effects of fenitrothion on predator-prey interactions and enzyme activity in both species.

Main Methods:

  • Eels' lateral lines were intact or blocked; predation trials were conducted in light and dark conditions.
  • Predator and prey were exposed to a sub-lethal fenitrothion concentration (2.5 mg L(-1)) for 6 hours.
  • Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities were measured in eel and tadpole muscle tissues.

Main Results:

  • Marbled swamp eels exhibited higher predation efficiency at night, highlighting the importance of the lateral line for prey detection.
  • Fenitrothion exposure altered tadpole behavior and reduced eel prey detection, increasing tadpole survival.
  • Exposed tadpoles showed significant BChE (70%) and AChE (51%) inhibition, yet benefited from reduced predation risk.

Conclusions:

  • Fenitrothion at ecologically relevant concentrations significantly alters predator-prey relationships, favoring prey survival.
  • The study demonstrates fenitrothion's impact on antipredator behavior and predation efficiency in aquatic ecosystems.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying pesticide effects on behavior and predation in native amphibians.