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Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
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Early intervention improves cognitive outcomes for preterm infants: randomized controlled trial.

S Marianne Nordhov1, John A Rønning, Lauritz B Dahl

  • 1University Hospital of North Norway, Department of Pediatrics, Box 53, N-9012 Tromsø, Norway. marianne.nordhov@unn.no

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An early intervention improved cognitive development in children with low birth weights (<2000 g) by age 5. Motor skills showed no significant changes. This program offers benefits for high-risk infants.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Infants with birth weights (BWs) under 2000 g are at increased risk for cognitive and motor developmental delays.
  • Early intervention programs aim to mitigate these risks and improve long-term outcomes.
  • The Mother-Infant Transaction Program is a recognized intervention strategy for at-risk infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified Mother-Infant Transaction Program on cognitive and motor development in children with BWs <2000 g.
  • To assess outcomes at corrected ages of 3 and 5 years.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 146 infants (BW <2000 g).
  • The intervention group received a modified Mother-Infant Transaction Program; the control group did not.
  • Cognitive outcomes were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised. Motor outcomes were evaluated using the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities and the grooved pegboard test.

Main Results:

  • The intervention group showed a trend towards improved cognitive scores at 3 years (mean difference 4.5 points, P > 0.05).
  • A significant improvement in full-scale IQ scores was observed at 5 years (mean difference 6.4 points, P < 0.05).
  • More children in the intervention group achieved an IQ score of 85 or higher at both 3 and 5 years. No significant differences in motor outcomes were found between groups.

Conclusions:

  • The modified Mother-Infant Transaction Program effectively enhanced cognitive outcomes in children with BWs <2000 g by 5 years corrected age.
  • The intervention demonstrated a positive impact on cognitive development, particularly in IQ scores.
  • Motor development was not significantly affected by this intervention.