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Related Concept Videos

The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
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Plasticity

Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
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Constitutively active H-ras accelerates multiple forms of plasticity in developing visual cortex.

Megumi Kaneko1, Claire E Cheetham, Yong-Seok Lee

  • 1Department of Physiology and the Keck Center for Integrative Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0444, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|October 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enhancing plasticity with a genetic gain-of-function approach using H-ras(G12V) in mice accelerated visual cortex development. This discovery offers potential new therapies for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Experience-dependent cortical plasticity is crucial for brain development and function.
  • Previous studies primarily used loss-of-function methods to investigate plasticity.
  • Understanding gain-of-function mechanisms can reveal novel pathways for enhancing neural development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a genetic gain-of-function that enhances plasticity.
  • To explore how constitutively active H-ras (H-ras(G12V)) impacts plasticity in the developing visual cortex.
  • To determine the potential therapeutic applications of enhanced neocortical plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a genetic gain-of-function approach in mice, expressing H-ras(G12V) presynaptically at excitatory synapses.
  • Conducted in vivo experiments involving monocular deprivation (MD) and reverse occlusion.
  • Performed in vitro electrophysiological recordings to assess synaptic plasticity, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and miniature excitatory postsynaptic potentials (mEPSPs).

Main Results:

  • H-ras(G12V) expression accelerated and enhanced multiple forms of plasticity in the developing visual cortex.
  • In vivo, H-ras(G12V) increased the rate of ocular dominance change and accelerated recovery from MD.
  • In vitro, H-ras(G12V) decreased baseline presynaptic release probability, enhanced presynaptic LTP, and accelerated mEPSP frequency increase after MD.

Conclusions:

  • Constitutively active H-ras(G12V) significantly accelerates neocortical plasticity.
  • This gain-of-function approach provides a novel strategy for enhancing neural plasticity.
  • The findings suggest potential therapeutic avenues for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders by modulating plasticity.