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Manipulation of Color Patterns in Jumping Spiders for Use in Behavioral Experiments

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Between-species jamming avoidance in Pipistrelles?

Veronika Necknig¹, Andreas Zahn

¹Department Biologie II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.

Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology

|October 13, 2010

Summary

Bats adjust their calls to avoid interfering with each other, showing both within-species and between-species jamming avoidance. Pipistrellus pipistrellus bats notably raised their vocalization frequencies when near Pipistrellus nathusii.

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Area of Science:

Bioacoustics
Animal Communication
Echolocation

Background:

Bats use vocalizations for echolocation and social communication.
Jamming avoidance is a known phenomenon where animals adjust vocalizations to prevent signal interference.
Vespertilionid bats, Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus nathusii, often coexist and vocalize in similar frequency ranges.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate intraspecific and interspecific jamming avoidance in Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus nathusii.
To determine if bats alter their vocalizations when flying with conspecifics or with individuals of a different species.

Main Methods:

Recording vocalizations of Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus nathusii flying alone and in mixed-species groups.
Analyzing spectral-temporal features, specifically peak frequencies of narrowband components.
Comparing vocalization characteristics between solitary and social/mixed-species flight conditions.

Main Results:

Both Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus nathusii exhibited increased variation in peak frequencies when flying with conspecifics, indicating intraspecific jamming avoidance.
Pipistrellus nathusii showed no significant vocalization shift when recorded with Pipistrellus pipistrellus.
Pipistrellus pipistrellus significantly increased their peak frequencies when in the presence of Pipistrellus nathusii, suggesting interspecific jamming avoidance.

Conclusions:

Bats actively modify their vocalizations to avoid acoustic interference from conspecifics.
Pipistrellus pipistrellus demonstrates an interspecific jamming avoidance response by shifting its call frequency away from Pipistrellus nathusii.
This frequency shift in Pipistrellus pipistrellus is likely an adaptation to avoid overlap with the frequency-modulated component of Pipistrellus nathusii calls.