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Gastrointestinal hormonal dysfunction in gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia
J Khoo1, C K Rayner, C Feinle-Bisset
1Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Nutritional Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Neurogastroenterology and Motility
|October 14, 2010
Summary
Gut hormones influence digestion and are key targets for managing gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia. Understanding their role in delayed gastric emptying is crucial for treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Gut hormones significantly impact gastrointestinal motility and sensation.
- These hormones play a role in delayed gastric emptying, a factor in gastroparesis, functional dyspepsia, and critical illness feed intolerance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss cholecystokinin (CCK) hypersensitivity and elevated CCK levels in functional dyspepsia.
- To review motilin and ghrelin agonists for gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia.
- To examine delayed gastric emptying in critically ill patients and its relation to CCK and peptide YY.
- To address the role of gastric emptying in diabetes glycemic control.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on gut hormones, functional dyspepsia, gastroparesis, critical illness, and diabetes.
- Discussion of pharmacological interventions targeting gut hormone pathways.
Main Results:
- Patients with functional dyspepsia exhibit hypersensitivity to enteral fat and elevated cholecystokinin (CCK) levels.
- Delayed gastric emptying is common in critically ill patients, associated with elevated CCK and peptide YY.
- Modulating gastric emptying can improve glycemic control in diabetic patients.
Conclusions:
- Gut hormones are critical targets for managing gastrointestinal motility disorders.
- Pharmacological targeting of gut hormone pathways offers therapeutic potential.
- Optimizing gastric emptying is essential for managing both gastrointestinal disorders and diabetes.
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