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K469E polymorphism of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene in Egyptians with coronary heart disease

Amal A Mohamed1, Laila Rashed, Hoda Amin

  • 1Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. amal_abd_elwahab@yahoo.com

Annals of Saudi Medicine
|October 14, 2010
PubMed

Insights

The intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) K469E gene polymorphism is linked to coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in Egyptians. However, soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) levels were not affected by this polymorphism or CHD status.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis initiation involves leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, mediated by ICAM-1.
  • ICAM-1 plays a crucial role in inflammatory processes underlying cardiovascular diseases.
  • Genetic variations in ICAM-1 may influence susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the ICAM-1 K469E gene polymorphism and serum soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) levels with CHD in Egyptian subjects.
  • To determine if specific ICAM-1 genotypes increase the risk of developing CHD.
  • To explore the relationship between sICAM-1 levels and CHD, as well as its correlation with ICAM-1 genotypes.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 100 CHD patients (73 with myocardial infarction, 27 with unstable angina) and 50 healthy controls.
  • Genotyping for the ICAM-1 K469E polymorphism was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
  • Serum sICAM-1 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).

Main Results:

  • The K genotype (KK and EK) of the ICAM-1 gene was significantly more frequent in CHD patients than controls (P<.001), indicating an increased disease risk (OR=3.8).
  • No significant difference in K genotype frequencies was observed between patients with myocardial infarction and unstable angina (P=.121).
  • Serum sICAM-1 levels were comparable between CHD patients and controls (P=.37) and did not correlate with ICAM-1 genotypes (P=.532); however, men had higher sICAM-1 levels than women (P=.004).

Conclusions:

  • The ICAM-1 gene polymorphism at codon 469 is associated with an elevated risk of CHD development in the Egyptian population.
  • Serum sICAM-1 levels are not significantly influenced by the ICAM-1 K469E polymorphism and are not consistently elevated in individuals with CHD.
  • The findings highlight the genetic predisposition to CHD related to ICAM-1 but decouple it from circulating sICAM-1 levels in this cohort.
Abstract

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