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Related Concept Videos

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in the 3500–3100 cm−1 range. Even though both O−H and N−H bonds vibrate at a similar...
Upsampling01:22

Upsampling

Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...
IR Absorption Frequency: Hybridization01:21

IR Absorption Frequency: Hybridization

Hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes show characteristic C–H stretching absorption bands. These IR stretching frequencies depend on the hybridization of the involved carbon atom and can be explained in terms of the s character of each hybridized atomic orbital.
Among the sp, sp2, and sp3 hybridized orbitals, sp orbitals have the maximum s character (50%). Consequently, the electrons are held more closely to the nucleus, resulting in stronger and shorter C–H bonds that stretch at a...
Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency

The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession, and the angular frequency...
Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Coherent frequency-down-conversion interface for quantum repeaters.

Noé Curtz1, Rob Thew, Christoph Simon

  • 1Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Noe.Curtz@unige.ch

Optics Express
|October 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We demonstrated coherence-preserving photon frequency down-conversion at the single-photon level using a specialized waveguide. This technique maintains quantum information, crucial for developing quantum repeaters in hybrid networks.

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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10:00

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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Nonlinear optics
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Quantum information science relies on preserving photon coherence.
  • Frequency conversion is essential for interfacing quantum systems.
  • Challenges exist in maintaining coherence during frequency conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate coherence-preserving photon frequency down-conversion at the single-photon level.
  • To utilize difference-frequency generation in a periodically poled Lithium niobate waveguide.
  • To assess the suitability of this method for quantum communication networks.

Main Methods:

  • Employed difference-frequency generation in a periodically poled Lithium niobate waveguide.
  • Conducted experiments at the single-photon level.
  • Measured phase coherence of pseudo single-photon time-bin qubits post-conversion.

Main Results:

  • Achieved coherence-preserving photon frequency down-conversion.
  • Demonstrated high phase coherence with interference visibility exceeding 96%.
  • Validated the single-photon level operation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method successfully preserves photon coherence during frequency down-conversion.
  • This technique offers a promising interface for quantum repeater applications.
  • The results support the development of hybrid quantum networks.