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Related Experiment Video

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Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

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Published on: April 16, 2014

Perspective-based illusory movement in a flat billboard--an explanation.

Thomas V Papathomas1, Zoe Kourtzi, Andrew E Welchman

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Laboratory of Vision Research, Rutgers University, Busch Campus, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. papathom@rci.rutgers.edu

Perception
|October 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A motion illusion makes depicted buildings appear to rotate towards viewers moving quickly past a billboard. This visual illusion occurs because the brain misinterprets perspective cues, creating a false sense of motion.

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Illusory motion perception can be triggered by specific visual stimuli.
  • The 'following' or 'pointing out of the picture' illusion demonstrates how depicted depth influences motion perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and explain a compelling motion illusion caused by a billboard with strong perspective cues.
  • To investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying the perception of illusory motion from static images.

Main Methods:

  • Observation of a specific motion illusion elicited by a large billboard depicting a building with perspective cues.
  • Analysis of observer motion (fast movement along the opposite sidewalk) in relation to the stimulus.
  • Theoretical discussion on the cause of the illusory motion based on visual cues.

Main Results:

  • Observers moving fast perceive the depicted building as rotating towards them.
  • This percept is a specific instance of the 'following' illusion, creating a strong illusory motion.
  • The illusion arises from the brain's interpretation of 2-D perspective cues as 3-D shape and motion.

Conclusions:

  • The brain uses depicted perspective cues to infer a 3-D structure and motion.
  • This inferred motion can conflict with the actual static nature of the pictorial surface.
  • The study highlights the constructive nature of visual perception and its susceptibility to illusions.