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Localised face processing by the human prefrontal cortex: face-selective intracerebral potentials and post-lesion

K Marinkovic, P Trebon, P Chauvel

Cognitive Neuropsychology

|October 15, 2010

Summary

This study reveals that specific brain regions in the right prefrontal cortex are crucial for face recognition. Surgical removal of these areas, while treating hallucinations, caused significant deficits in recognizing emotional facial expressions.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Neurology

Background:

The precise neural mechanisms underlying face recognition remain incompletely understood.
Investigating the role of specific brain regions in face processing is essential for understanding neurological disorders affecting perception.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural correlates of face processing using event-related potentials (ERPs) and direct brain recordings.
To examine the functional role of the right anterior inferior prefrontal cortex in face recognition before and after therapeutic cortectomy.

Main Methods:

Recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) directly within the brain substance.
Administered neuropsychological tests before and after therapeutic cortectomy.
Utilized direct electrical stimulation to map brain function.

Main Results:

Large, face-selective ERPs were localized to the right anterior inferior prefrontal cortex, correlating with sites evoking face hallucinations.
Face-selective responses were also found in adjacent right prefrontal and temporal areas, emerging around 150ms after face onset.
Surgical removal of the affected cortex led to a severe deficit in recognizing emotional facial expressions, particularly fear, while other cognitive functions remained intact.

Conclusions:

The right inferior fronto-temporal cortex forms a multi-focal network critical for early, specific, and sustained face processing.
This network plays a specialized role in recognizing emotional facial expressions.