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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...

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A Non-Coding Small RNA MicC Contributes to Virulence in Outer Membrane Proteins in Salmonella Enteritidis
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A Non-Coding Small RNA MicC Contributes to Virulence in Outer Membrane Proteins in Salmonella Enteritidis

Published on: January 27, 2021

The roles of pathogen small RNAs.

Yexin Zhou1, Jianping Xie

  • 1Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Enviroment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|October 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs) control essential cellular functions in pathogens. This review explores sRNA types, functions, and prediction methods, focusing on Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs), or non-coding RNAs, are crucial for fundamental cellular events in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
  • While eukaryotic sRNAs are well-studied, prokaryotic sRNAs, especially in pathogens, are a recent area of exploration.
  • These non-coding RNAs play significant roles in gene expression regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the main types, functions, and prediction methodologies for pathogen-specific sRNAs.
  • To highlight the importance of sRNAs in regulating gene expression within pathogenic bacteria.
  • To focus on sRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on prokaryotic and eukaryotic sRNAs.
  • Analysis of methodologies used for identifying and predicting pathogen sRNAs.
  • Case study focusing on sRNAs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Main Results:

  • Identification and categorization of diverse sRNA types and their regulatory functions in pathogens.
  • Overview of computational and experimental approaches for pathogen sRNA prediction.
  • Detailed examination of sRNAs impacting Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene expression and virulence.

Conclusions:

  • Pathogen sRNAs are critical regulatory elements with significant implications for microbial pathogenesis.
  • Understanding sRNA mechanisms in pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis offers potential therapeutic targets.
  • Further research into prokaryotic sRNAs is essential for advancing our knowledge of microbial regulation.