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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Diphosphonatocavitands are capable of self-assembly.
  • Molecular capsules can be formed through supramolecular assembly.
  • Supramolecular assemblies can exhibit unique dynamic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the self-assembly of diphosphonatocavitands into dimeric molecular capsules.
  • To explore the encapsulation of N-methylpyridinium and N-methylpicolinium guests within these capsules.
  • To characterize the supramolecular assembly as a molecular rotor due to restricted guest motion.

Main Methods:

  • Solution-state self-assembly in chloroform.
  • X-ray diffraction analysis for solid-state structure determination.
  • Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy (DOSY) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for solution studies.

Main Results:

  • Dimeric molecular capsules were formed by diphosphonatocavitands in chloroform.
  • N-methylpyridinium and N-methylpicolinium guests were successfully incarcerated.
  • X-ray diffraction confirmed capsule formation in both free host and guest complex states.
  • DOSY NMR provided evidence for capsule formation in solution.
  • Restricted rotation of guests within the capsule was quantified, with higher energy barriers for the larger picolinium guest.

Conclusions:

  • Diphosphonatocavitands efficiently form stable dimeric molecular capsules.
  • The supramolecular capsules function as molecular rotors with guest motion dependent on guest size.
  • Capsule formation is independent of guest presence, driven by host-host interactions.