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Related Concept Videos

Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Epistasis01:39

Epistasis

In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
Crossing Over01:34

Crossing Over

Unlike mitosis, meiosis aims for genetic diversity in its creation of haploid gametes. Dividing germ cells first begin this process in prophase I, where each chromosome—replicated in S phase—is now composed of two sister chromatids (identical copies) joined centrally.
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process called synapsis.
In order to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home
02:28

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home

Published on: March 1, 2024

Psoriasis in identical twins: simultaneous occurrence on same sites.

S Singh1, R V Singh, S S Pandey

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
|October 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This case study highlights psoriasis in identical twins, presenting with distinctive foot sole plaques. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis, underscoring the importance of accurate diagnostic methods.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home
02:28

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home

Published on: March 1, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition.
  • Plantar psoriasis, affecting the soles of the feet, can be challenging to diagnose and treat.
  • Genetic factors are implicated in psoriasis development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of psoriasis in identical twins.
  • To describe the clinical presentation and histopathological findings of plantar psoriasis.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation of two 12-year-old identical male twins.
  • Histopathological examination of skin biopsy specimens from affected foot soles.

Main Results:

  • Both twins presented with simultaneous onset of dull erythematous plaques with coarse scaling and deep fissuring on their foot soles.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of psoriasis.

Conclusions:

  • Identical twins can present with similar dermatological conditions like psoriasis.
  • Histopathological confirmation is crucial for diagnosing plantar psoriasis.
  • This case emphasizes the potential genetic predisposition in psoriasis.