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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids
Published on: August 10, 2016
Supercritical CO2-ionic liquid mixtures for modification of organoclays
Sébastien Livi1, Jannick Duchet-Rumeau, Jean-François Gérard
1Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France.
Abstract:
The use of supercritical CO(2) as solvent in the modification of montmorillonite by imidazolium and phosphonium ionic liquids bearing long alkyl chains (C(18)) known for their excellent thermal stability is described. The objective is to combine the environmentally friendly character of ionic liquids and supercritical carbon dioxide for the organophilic treatment of lamellar silicates. Dialkyl imidazolium and alkyl phosphonium salts were synthesized to be used as new surfactants for cationic exchange of layered silicates. Then, the synthesized phosphonium (MMT-P) or imidazolium (MMT-I) modified montmorillonites, cationically exchanged under supercritical carbon dioxide with or without co-solvent, have been analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compared to montmorillonites treated by conventional cationic exchange.
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