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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Transduction01:16

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome are...
Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

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Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
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Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease

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Adaptation genomics: the next generation.

Jessica Stapley1, Julia Reger, Philine G D Feulner

  • 1Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|October 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic technologies like next-generation sequencing (NGS) are revolutionizing evolutionary ecology. These tools help identify genes involved in adaptation and answer long-standing questions about genetic variation and evolutionary processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary ecology
  • Genomics
  • Adaptation genetics

Background:

  • Understanding organismal adaptation to environmental change is key in evolutionary ecology.
  • Genomics, particularly DNA sequencing, has accelerated progress in this field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how next-generation sequencing (NGS) aids in identifying adaptive genes.
  • To explore how genomic tools address fundamental questions in ecological genetics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of next-generation sequencing (NGS) applications.
  • Genomic data analysis in ecological model species.

Main Results:

  • NGS significantly enhances the ability to pinpoint genes responsible for adaptation.
  • Genomic approaches enable empirical testing of long-standing ecological genetics hypotheses.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic tools are transforming the study of adaptation.
  • These advancements allow researchers to tackle complex questions regarding the genetic basis of evolutionary adaptation.