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Related Concept Videos

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Obtaining Cancer Stem Cell Spheres from Gynecological and Breast Cancer Tumors
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ALCAM/CD166: cancer-related issues.

Ulrich H Weidle1, Daniela Eggle, Stefan Klostermann

  • 1Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Pharma Division, D 82372 Penzberg, Germany. ulrich.weidle@roche.com

Cancer Genomics & Proteomics
|October 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Activated leucocyte adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a receptor involved in T-cell activation and tumor progression. Its expression impacts prognosis, suggesting therapeutic potential in oncology.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Activated leucocyte adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a transmembrane receptor with roles in T-cell activation, hematopoiesis, and inflammation.
  • ALCAM, an immunoglobulin receptor subfamily member, is expressed in various tumors, with expression levels correlating with prognosis, particularly in malignant melanoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the context-dependent functions of ALCAM in cancer.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting ALCAM in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ALCAM expression levels and their correlation with prognosis in different tumor types.
  • Investigating ALCAM's interactions, including homophilic binding and CD6 interaction.
  • Utilizing modulatory agents like dominant-negative ALCAM and secreted ALCAM to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation.
  • Evaluating the internalization of single-chain Fv fragments against ALCAM for immunoconjugate development.

Main Results:

  • High ALCAM protein expression in malignant melanoma correlates with a poor prognosis.
  • Modulation of ALCAM function inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation, but with differing effects on invasion and metastasis.
  • ALCAM mediates low-affinity homophilic interactions and stronger interactions with CD6.
  • ALCAM-targeted single-chain Fv fragments demonstrate efficient internalization.

Conclusions:

  • ALCAM's tumor-type-dependent expression and prognostic impact highlight its context-specific role in cancer.
  • Targeting ALCAM with agents like immunoconjugates shows promise for therapeutic applications in oncology.