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Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

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Longitudinal In Vivo Imaging of the Cerebrovasculature: Relevance to CNS Diseases
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Pathophysiological interference with neurovascular coupling - when imaging based on hemoglobin might go blind.

Ute Lindauer1, Ulrich Dirnagl, Martina Füchtemeier

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany.

Frontiers in Neuroenergetics
|October 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Functional brain imaging relies on neurovascular coupling. Pathophysiological changes in disease can alter this coupling, leading to misinterpretation of neuronal activity in techniques like fNIRS and BOLD-fMRI.

Keywords:
BOLD-fMRIcerebral blood flowcerebral blood oxygenationcortical spreading depressiondeoxy-hemoglobinfunctional activationhemodynamic responseneurovascular coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Non-invasive functional brain imaging, including near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and BOLD-fMRI, assesses neuronal activity via hemodynamic responses.
  • These techniques are widely used in cognitive neuroscience and increasingly in patients with brain diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pathophysiological changes in neurovascular coupling parameters in animals.
  • To discuss the implications of these changes for hemodynamic-based functional imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental findings on neurovascular coupling.
  • Discussion of implications for functional neuroimaging techniques (fNIRS, BOLD-fMRI).

Main Results:

  • Changes in physiological parameters, pharmacological interventions, or disease can significantly alter blood flow and oxygenation responses.
  • Altered neurovascular coupling can lead to misinterpretation of neuronal activity in functional imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding basic neurovascular coupling mechanisms is crucial.
  • Further research is needed to characterize disturbed neurovascular coupling in diseased brains for accurate interpretation of functional imaging data.