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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
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Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis01:16

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats
05:56

A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats

Published on: February 20, 2021

NKT cells in sepsis.

Briana Leung1, Hobart W Harris

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

Clinical & Developmental Immunology
|October 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural killer T-cells (NKTs) and apolipoprotein E (apoE) play key roles in sepsis. This review explores their involvement in immune response and proposes a mechanism for apoE

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A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
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A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats
05:56

A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats

Published on: February 20, 2021

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Sepsis is a major cause of death in intensive care units.
  • Sepsis pathophysiology involves hyperactivated proinflammatory cascades and immune cell dysfunction.
  • Natural killer T-cells (NKTs) bridge innate and adaptive immunity and are implicated in sepsis onset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of NKT cells in sepsis and septic shock.
  • To examine the immunoregulatory function of apolipoprotein E (apoE) in host defense against infection.
  • To propose a mechanism for apoE-mediated immunoregulation in sepsis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on NKT cells and apoE in sepsis.
  • Analysis of the immunomodulatory effects of NKT cells and apoE.
  • Synthesis of proposed mechanisms for immune regulation.

Main Results:

  • NKT cells are involved in the immune response during sepsis.
  • Apolipoprotein E (apoE) demonstrates protective effects in endotoxemia and gram-negative infections.
  • ApoE's role extends beyond lipid metabolism to immune regulation.

Conclusions:

  • NKT cells are critical players in the immune response to sepsis.
  • ApoE possesses significant immunoregulatory properties relevant to sepsis.
  • Understanding these roles may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for sepsis.