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Related Concept Videos

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

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Profiling Individual Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Quantitative RT-PCR
09:03

Profiling Individual Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Quantitative RT-PCR

Published on: May 29, 2014

Vibrational spectroscopy differentiates between multipotent and pluripotent stem cells.

Jacek Klaudiusz Pijanka1, Deepak Kumar, Tina Dale

  • 1Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke on Trent, UK.

The Analyst
|October 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vibrational spectroscopy distinguishes human embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells by their lipid content. Embryonic stem cells show greater spectral changes with altered oxygen levels, suggesting higher sensitivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical science
  • Cell biology
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Stem cells are crucial for regenerative medicine and tissue repair.
  • Vibrational spectroscopy is emerging as a tool to study stem cell differentiation.
  • Understanding stem cell properties is key for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate between human pluripotent (embryonic) and multipotent (adult mesenchymal) stem cells using vibrational spectroscopy.
  • To investigate the impact of oxygen concentration on stem cell spectral signatures.
  • To explore the potential of vibrational spectroscopy in stem cell identification.

Main Methods:

  • Synchrotron-based Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy.
  • Raman microspectroscopy.
  • Cytological staining for lipid confirmation.

Main Results:

  • Distinct spectral signatures were observed between embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells, correlated with cytoplasmic lipid content.
  • Altered oxygen concentrations in cell culture induced changes in both FTIR and Raman spectra of embryonic stem cells.
  • Embryonic stem cells exhibited greater sensitivity to oxygen concentration changes compared to mesenchymal stem cells.

Conclusions:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy can differentiate between human pluripotent and multipotent stem cells based on biochemical differences.
  • Oxygen concentration significantly affects the spectral characteristics of embryonic stem cells.
  • Vibrational spectroscopy holds potential for identifying distinct stem cell populations, warranting further investigation.