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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is responsible...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
12:24

A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Published on: September 30, 2021

[Hepatocellular carcinoma].

Tatsuya Yamashita1, Kuniaki Arai, Shuichi Kaneko

  • 1Department of Community Medicine and Medical Education, Kanazawa University.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Sorafenib, a molecular targeted drug, is the first to extend survival for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Understanding and managing its unique side effects is crucial for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary cancers
  • Molecular targeted therapy
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant global health challenge.
  • Traditional treatments for HCC have limitations in efficacy and patient survival.
  • Recent advancements include the development of molecular targeted drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical evidence and role of sorafenib in HCC treatment.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding and managing sorafenib's side effects.
  • To discuss the current position of sorafenib within the broader HCC treatment landscape.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical evidence and trial data for sorafenib in HCC.
  • Analysis of sorafenib's efficacy in extending patient survival.

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Laparoscopic S7 Hepatectomy with Positive Fluorescence Staining
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Laparoscopic S7 Hepatectomy with Positive Fluorescence Staining

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An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis
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Laparoscopic S7 Hepatectomy with Positive Fluorescence Staining

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  • Examination of sorafenib's distinct side effect profile compared to cytotoxic drugs.

    • Main Results:

    • Sorafenib is the first drug demonstrated to extend survival in HCC.
    • While tumor shrinkage is limited, sorafenib effectively inhibits tumor development.
    • Serious adverse events necessitate careful management and appropriate use of sorafenib.

    Conclusions:

    • Sorafenib represents a significant advance in HCC treatment by improving survival.
    • Further research and clinical trials are essential for molecular targeted drugs in HCC.
    • Optimal integration of sorafenib with other therapies like TACE and HAIC requires further clarification.