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Updated: Jun 7, 2026
Detection of Polyfunctional T Cells in Children Vaccinated with Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine via the Flow Cytometry Technique
Published on: September 23, 2022
Antibody dynamics after tick-borne encephalitis and measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in children post early
Manuela Zlamy1, Reinhard Würzner, Heidemarie Holzmann
1Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics I, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Abstract:
Thymectomized patients (TP) showed a delayed humoral immune response to tick-borne-encephalitis-virus (TBEV) vaccination, which served as a neo-antigen. From the previously published cohort, the TBEV-specific IgG concentrations and avidities were analyzed in 17 TP compared to 30 non-thymectomized healthy controls (HC) 220 weeks after the first TBE vaccination to identify patients with waning antibodies. Only in HC, increase of avidity was significant between 8 and 220 weeks (p<0.001), whereas TP showed a lower avidity maturation at week 48 (p<0.05). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity at vaccination did not influence the humoral immune response. The ability of TP to maintain measles, mumps and rubella (MMR)-specific antibodies at least 8 years post (MMR) vaccination was evaluated in the serum samples of TP, retrospectively. Although all TP had MMR vaccination at least 6 months after thymectomy, TP showed no significant difference regarding MMR-specific IgG concentrations or avidities compared to HC. Regarding TBE vaccination, the data confirmed the previous observation of a delayed primary immune response in TP to TBE vaccine and also revealed an altered memory priming by paucity of high-avidity antibodies.
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The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...