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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
12:09

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Transcranial magnetic brain stimulation modulates blepharospasm: a randomized controlled study.

G Kranz1, E A Shamim, P T Lin

  • 1Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. gottfried.kranz@meduniwien.ac.at

Neurology
|October 20, 2010
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) using Hesed (H) and circular (C) coils safely improved symptoms of benign essential blepharospasm (BEB). These therapeutic effects were observed immediately and one hour post-stimulation.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a prevalent focal dystonia.
  • Pathological changes in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are implicated in BEB, alongside basal ganglia dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the therapeutic effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the ACC in patients with BEB.
  • To compare the efficacy and safety of different rTMS coil types (circular, Hesed, and sham) for BEB treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, sham-controlled, observer-blinded prospective study involving 12 BEB patients.
  • Application of 15-minute, 0.2 Hz rTMS over the ACC using C-coil, S-coil, and H-coil at 100% active motor threshold.
  • Assessment of clinical outcomes (blink rate, spasm frequency) and blink reflex recovery curve pre- and post-stimulation.

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Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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Published on: February 23, 2020

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Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
12:09

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: June 14, 2014

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
09:52

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 23, 2020

Main Results:

  • Both H-coil and C-coil rTMS significantly improved BEB symptoms, with effects lasting up to 1 hour post-stimulation.
  • No adverse events were reported; subjective comfort was similar across coils.
  • The H-coil demonstrated a significantly lower active motor threshold compared to C- and S-coils.

Conclusions:

  • Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a safe and effective therapeutic option for benign essential blepharospasm (BEB).
  • Further research is needed to determine if repeated rTMS sessions yield long-lasting clinical benefits for BEB patients.