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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation as an In Vitro Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model for Studying Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction
08:56

Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation as an In Vitro Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model for Studying Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction

Published on: May 7, 2015

Hypoxic tissues are associated with microvessel density following brain ischemia-reperfusion.

Jin-rui Pan1, Yi Li, Zhong Pei

  • 1Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, China.

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|October 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypoxic brain tissue, a potentially reversible area after stroke, persists for up to 14 days following ischemia-reperfusion. Its duration is linked to microvessel proliferation and density within the affected brain regions.

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Quantification of Neurovascular Protection Following Repetitive Hypoxic Preconditioning and Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice
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Detection of Microregional Hypoxia in Mouse Cerebral Cortex by Two-photon Imaging of Endogenous NADH Fluorescence
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Detection of Microregional Hypoxia in Mouse Cerebral Cortex by Two-photon Imaging of Endogenous NADH Fluorescence

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Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation as an In Vitro Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model for Studying Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction
08:56

Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation as an In Vitro Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model for Studying Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction

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Quantification of Neurovascular Protection Following Repetitive Hypoxic Preconditioning and Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice
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Quantification of Neurovascular Protection Following Repetitive Hypoxic Preconditioning and Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice

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Detection of Microregional Hypoxia in Mouse Cerebral Cortex by Two-photon Imaging of Endogenous NADH Fluorescence
12:03

Detection of Microregional Hypoxia in Mouse Cerebral Cortex by Two-photon Imaging of Endogenous NADH Fluorescence

Published on: February 21, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cerebrovascular Research
  • Ischemia Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Hypoxic tissue surrounds the ischemic core after cerebral infarction.
  • Mechanisms driving this potentially reversible ischemic region are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the duration and characteristics of hypoxic tissue in rat models of permanent brain ischemia (PI) and ischemia-reperfusion (IR).
  • To assess the relationship between hypoxic tissue and microvessel density in focal brain ischemia.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of permanent brain ischemia (PI) and 1.5-hour ischemia followed by reperfusion (IR) in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model.
  • Immunofluorescence analysis to detect hypoxic tissue and quantify microvessel density within and surrounding hypoxic areas.

Main Results:

  • Hypoxic tissue was observed for up to 3 days in PI rats and 14 days in IR rats, gradually decreasing over time.
  • Microvessel density increased time-dependently in both PI and IR models, with significantly higher density in IR rats.
  • Microvessel density was significantly greater surrounding hypoxic tissue compared to within it.

Conclusions:

  • Brain ischemia-reperfusion can lead to prolonged hypoxic tissue presence (up to 14 days).
  • Hypoxic tissue is typically associated with low microvessel density.
  • The duration of hypoxic tissue is partially influenced by the extent of microvessel proliferation.