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Related Concept Videos

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium
07:53

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium

Published on: January 16, 2018

Cytopede: a three-dimensional tool for modeling cell motility on a flat surface.

Marc Herant1, Micah Dembo

  • 1Biomedical Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. herantm@bu.edu

Journal of Computational Biology : a Journal of Computational Molecular Cell Biology
|October 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed Cytopede, a 3D simulation code, to model cell mechanics and signaling. This computational tool quantifies cell spreading and movement, offering insights into cell behavior.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium
07:53

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium

Published on: January 16, 2018

Area of Science:

  • * Computational Biology
  • * Biophysics
  • * Cell Mechanics

Background:

  • * Cells cultured on surfaces spread into lamellar sheets.
  • * Cell motion involves leading edge extension and trailing edge retraction.
  • * Quantitative models for cell spreading and motion are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To develop a comprehensive quantitative model for plated cell mechanical and signaling behavior.
  • * To introduce Cytopede, a 3D simulation code for cell mechanics.
  • * To enable the testing of hypotheses regarding cell mechanics.

Main Methods:

  • * Developed a 3D finite element code, Cytopede.
  • * Treated cytosol and cytoskeleton from a continuum mechanical perspective.
  • * Solved mass and momentum equations for cellular models.

Main Results:

  • * Validated Cytopede by simulating viscous sessile droplet spreading.
  • * Simulated a fibroblast model to demonstrate Cytopede's capabilities.
  • * Computed cell thickness, cytoskeletal density, flow, and substratum tractions.

Conclusions:

  • * Cytopede provides a robust platform for simulating cell mechanical and signaling behaviors.
  • * The code allows for detailed quantitative analysis and comparison with experimental data.
  • * Cytopede facilitates the investigation of cell mechanics and dynamics.