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The 1992 'cairo earthquake': cause, effect and response.

M Degg1

  • 1Department of Geography Chester College Cheyney Road Chester CHI 4BJ UK.

Disasters
|October 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The 1992 northern Egypt earthquake highlighted how surface geology and poor building standards, affecting both old adobe homes and modern high-rises, exacerbated human losses. Government response and politicization were linked to socio-economic issues and Islamic Fundamentalism.

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Area of Science:

  • Geology
  • Sociology
  • Political Science

Background:

  • The 1992 northern Egypt earthquake occurred within a complex geological and socio-political context.
  • Vulnerability to seismic events is influenced by factors beyond seismicity, including surface geology and built environment characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the geological and socio-political factors influencing the impact and aftermath of the 1992 northern Egypt earthquake.
  • To analyze the role of construction standards, building regulations, and socio-economic conditions in earthquake vulnerability and response.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of geological data relevant to earthquake impact.
  • Assessment of construction types, building standards, and regulatory enforcement.
  • Examination of socio-political factors, including government and non-governmental organization responses, and their links to broader national issues.

Main Results:

  • Surface geology significantly controlled the earthquake's impact.
  • Poor construction and maintenance standards, coupled with lax regulation enforcement, increased building vulnerability.
  • Both dilapidated adobe housing and illegally constructed high-rise buildings contributed to significant human losses.
  • The earthquake response was politicized, connected to economic reforms and Islamic Fundamentalist activities.

Conclusions:

  • Seismic impact is critically modulated by local surface geology and the built environment.
  • Inadequate construction practices and regulatory failures amplify earthquake-induced human and structural losses.
  • The earthquake response and its politicization reflect underlying socio-economic and political dynamics within Egypt.